codice:
# Some options that are often worth tuning have been included as
# commented-out examples in this file.
#  - When such options are commented with ";", the proposed setting
#    differs from the default Samba behaviour
#  - When commented with "#", the proposed setting is the default
#    behaviour of Samba but the option is considered important
#    enough to be mentioned here
Ok.

codice:
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command
# "testparm" to check that you have not made any basic syntactic 
# errors. 
# A well-established practice is to name the original file
# "smb.conf.master" and create the "real" config file with
# testparm -s smb.conf.master >smb.conf
# This minimizes the size of the really used smb.conf file
# which, according to the Samba Team, impacts performance
# However, use this with caution if your smb.conf file contains nested
# "include" statements. See Debian bug #483187 for a case
# where using a master file is not a good idea.
Rinomino quindi il file smb.conf in smb.conf.master e farò le modifiche su questo, generando poi il file smb.conf con il comando proposto. Nella directory non c'è già un file smb.conf.master quindi debian di default usa il smb.conf completo ma non è un problema.
codice:
sudo mv /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.master
codice:
#======================= Global Settings =======================

[global]

## Browsing/Identification ###

# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
   workgroup = fracassetti.lan

# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field
   server string = %h server

# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable its WINS Server
#   wins support = no

# WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
;   wins server = w.x.y.z

# This will prevent nmbd to search for NetBIOS names through DNS.
   dns proxy = no

# What naming service and in what order should we use to resolve host names
# to IP addresses
;   name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast
La configurazione di base fatta dal setup. E' già impostato il gruppo di lavoro in fracassetti.lan

codice:
#### Networking ####

# The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to
# This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask;
# interface names are normally preferred
;   interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0
    interfaces = eth1

# Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the
# 'interfaces' option above to use this.
# It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is
# not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself.  However, this
# option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly.
;   bind interfaces only = yes
   bind interfaces only = yes
Sarò fissato ma il protocollo SMB non è considerato molto sicuro, sicuramente non per l'uso al di fuori di una rete locale e gli stessi commenti suggeriscono di procedere in questo modo. Per quanto mi riguarda, mi serve solo che sia in ascolto sulla rete locale e l'interfaccia eth1. Visto che ho solo una rete associata all'interfaccia eth1 posso anche specificare solo quella, come indicato nei commenti.

codice:
#### Debugging/Accounting ####

# This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
   log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

# Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
   max log size = 1000

# If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following
# parameter to 'yes'.
#   syslog only = no
   syslog only = yes

# We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog. Everything
# should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log
# through syslog you should set the following parameter to something higher.
 #   syslog = 0
   syslog = 1

# Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
Imposto il logging di samba direttamente nel syslog, non mi serve diversamente.

codice:
####### Authentication #######
# "security = user" is always a good idea. This will require a Unix account
# in this server for every user accessing the server. See
# /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/ServerType.html
# in the samba-doc package for details.
#   security = user
   security = share

# You may wish to use password encryption.  See the section on
# 'encrypt passwords' in the smb.conf(5) manpage before enabling.
   encrypt passwords = true

# If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what
# password database type you are using.  
   passdb backend = tdbsam

   obey pam restrictions = yes
   guest account = guest
   invalid users = root

# This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix
# password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the
# passdb is changed.
   unix password sync = yes

# For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following
# parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan < for
# sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge).
   passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
   passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .

# This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes
# when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
# 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'.
   pam password change = yes
Aggiungo le configurazioni per indentificare l'utente che ho creato come il "guest", cioè un identificativo per un utente non autenticato che può accedere alle risorse condivise.

codice:
########## Domains ###########

# Is this machine able to authenticate users. Both PDC and BDC
# must have this setting enabled. If you are the BDC you must
# change the 'domain master' setting to no
#
;   domain logons = yes
#
# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of the user's profile directory
# from the client point of view)
# The following required a [profiles] share to be setup on the
# samba server (see below)
;   logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U
# Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory
# (this is Samba's default)
#   logon path = \\%N\%U\profile

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client
# point of view)
;   logon drive = H:
#   logon home = \\%N\%U

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored
# in the [netlogon] share
# NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention
;   logon script = logon.cmd

# This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix
# password; please adapt to your needs
; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u

# This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the 
# SAMR RPC pipe.  
# The following assumes a "machines" group exists on the system
; add machine script  = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c "%u machine account" -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u

# This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  
; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup --force-badname %g
Questa sezione serve per creare un controller di dominio. Non è il mio caso e non mi serve quindi lascio tutto commentato.

codice:
########## Printing ##########

# If you want to automatically load your printer list rather
# than setting them up individually then you'll need this
#   load printers = yes

# lpr(ng) printing. You may wish to override the location of the
# printcap file
;   printing = bsd
;   printcap name = /etc/printcap

# CUPS printing.  See also the cupsaddsmb(8) manpage in the
# cupsys-client package.
;   printing = cups
;   printcap name = cups
Non ho neppure stampanti connesse al server quindi anche qui lascio tutto commentato.

codice:
############ Misc ############

# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
;   include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m

# Most people will find that this option gives better performance.
# See smb.conf(5) and /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/speed.html
# for details
# You may want to add the following on a Linux system:
#         SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192
#   socket options = TCP_NODELAY

# The following parameter is useful only if you have the linpopup package
# installed. The samba maintainer and the linpopup maintainer are
# working to ease installation and configuration of linpopup and samba.
;   message command = /bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/linpopup "%f" "%m" %s; rm %s' &

# Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. If this
# machine will be configured as a BDC (a secondary logon server), you
# must set this to 'no'; otherwise, the default behavior is recommended.
#   domain master = auto

# Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges
# for something else.)
;   idmap uid = 10000-20000
;   idmap gid = 10000-20000
;   template shell = /bin/bash

# The following was the default behaviour in sarge,
# but samba upstream reverted the default because it might induce
# performance issues in large organizations.
# See Debian bug #368251 for some of the consequences of *not*
# having this setting and smb.conf(5) for details.
;   winbind enum groups = yes
;   winbind enum users = yes

# Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders
# with the net usershare command.

# Maximum number of usershare. 0 (default) means that usershare is disabled.
;   usershare max shares = 100
Riguarda sempre le funzionalità di domain controller, non mi interessano.

codice:
#======================= Share Definitions =======================
#[homes]
#   comment = Home Directories
#   browseable = no

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
# next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.
#   read only = yes
Per adesso mi interessa avere a disposizione solo la share /download, poi magari vedremo se ho bisogno di rendere disponibili le home directory di altri utenti... Per ora, commento tutto.

codice:
# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
   create mask = 0700

# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
   directory mask = 0700

# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
# with access to the samba server.
# The following parameter makes sure that only "username" can connect
# to \\server\username
# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
#   valid users = %S
Tutti gli utenti devono potersi connettere alla share. Quindi commento.
Un discorso a parte meritano i permessi da indicare su files e directory contenuti nella share: Stò realizzando un serverino che starà in casa mia, non in un ufficio o un'azienda e non ci saranno più utenti a condividere la share. Mi serve che tutti coloro che accedono alle condivisioni possano spostare o eliminare i files contenuti all'interno della condivisione.

Il discorso da fare sulla forma ottale del permessi Unix non è complicato ma neppure così immediato.
Una "mask" è il set di permessi che sono attribuiti ad un files o ad una directory. e' indicata solitamente in gruppi da 3 o 4 cifre, di cui ora mi interessano solo le ultime 3. Nell'esempio evidenziato in rosso, il file indica come "File creation mask" il valore "0700" che, considerando solo le ultime 3 cifre, non si legge "settecento" ma "sette-zero-zero".
Questi cifre indicano i permessi assegnati (in questo caso) ai nuovi file creati nella share. Nell'ordine in cui si leggono di solito, "il proprietario" (user) di questi nuovi files ha "7" come livello di permessi, il "gruppo utente" (group) cui appartiene il proprietario ha "0" e "tutti gli altri" (other) hanno "0".
Questi livelli si ottengono con delle semplici somme ma, riassumendo velocemente e rimandando a una delle tante spiegazioni reperibili online per gli approfondimenti:
"0": Nessun permesso
"1": Esecuzione. Il file può essere eseguito ma non letto o scritto
"2": Scrittura. Il file può essere scritto ma non aperto per lettura o lanciato
"3": Il file può essere scritto ed eseguito ma non aperto per lettura
"4": Il file può essere aperto in lettura ma non scritto ne eseguito
"5": Il file può essere letto ed eseguito ma non scritto.
"6": Il file può essere letto e scritto ma non eseguito
"7": Tutti i permessi. Il file può essere letto, scritto ed eseguito.

Creare una share con "File creation mask" 0700 significa che l'utente proprietario del file godrà di tutti i permessi su di esso ma nessun'altro utente (a parte root) sarà in grado di lavorare su quel file. Se voglio che l'utente e tutti gli appartenenti al suo gruppo godano di tutti i permessi sul file dovrò usare la mask 770, se invece voglio che tutti possano fare tutto su quel file userò la mask 777.
Inutile dilungarsi, l'unico modo per capirci qualcosa è leggere le guide e provare...

codice:
# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
;[netlogon]
;   comment = Network Logon Service
;   path = /home/samba/netlogon
;   guest ok = yes
;   read only = yes

# Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store
# users profiles (see the "logon path" option above)
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
# The path below should be writable by all users so that their
# profile directory may be created the first time they log on
;[profiles]
;   comment = Users profiles
;   path = /home/samba/profiles
;   guest ok = no
;   browseable = no
;   create mask = 0600
;   directory mask = 0700
Sempre per domain controller, non mi interessa.

codice:
#[printers]
#   comment = All Printers
#   browseable = no
#   path = /var/spool/samba
#   printable = yes
#   guest ok = no
#   read only = yes
#   create mask = 0700

# Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable
# printer drivers
#[print$]
#   comment = Printer Drivers
#   path = /var/lib/samba/printers
#   browseable = yes
#   read only = yes
#   guest ok = no
# Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers.
# You may need to replace 'lpadmin' with the name of the group your
# admin users are members of.
# Please note that you also need to set appropriate Unix permissions
# to the drivers directory for these users to have write rights in it
;   write list = root, @lpadmin
Niente stampanti quindi commento tutto.

codice:
# A sample share for sharing your CD-ROM with others.
;[cdrom]
;   comment = Samba server's CD-ROM
;   read only = yes
;   locking = no
;   path = /cdrom
;   guest ok = yes

# The next two parameters show how to auto-mount a CD-ROM when the
#	cdrom share is accesed. For this to work /etc/fstab must contain
#	an entry like this:
#
#       /dev/scd0   /cdrom  iso9660 defaults,noauto,ro,user   0 0
#
# The CD-ROM gets unmounted automatically after the connection to the
#
# If you don't want to use auto-mounting/unmounting make sure the CD
#	is mounted on /cdrom
#
;   preexec = /bin/mount /cdrom
;   postexec = /bin/umount /cdrom
Anche qui nessun cdrom da condividere

Provo quindi a generare il file di configurazione e riavviare samba, con i comandi
codice:
sudo testparm -s smb.conf.master >smb.conf
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
Questo è ora il contenuto del file smb.conf, con solo le istruzioni applicate e ripulito dai commenti:
codice:
[global]
	workgroup = FRACASSETTI.LAN
	server string = %h server
	interfaces = eth1
	bind interfaces only = Yes
	security = SHARE
	obey pam restrictions = Yes
	guest account = guest
	pam password change = Yes
	passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
	passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
	unix password sync = Yes
	syslog only = Yes
	log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
	max log size = 1000
	dns proxy = No
	panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
	invalid users = root